The author writes that,
When an economic potential
is not realized, the reasons may be internal failure or external constraint.
Internal or domestic reasons
are those for which the domestic government is responsible.
This could be a failure of
economic policy, misdirected policy or a failure of implementation due to
institutional failure such as corruption.
Any of these internal
factors may possibly be related to religious policies or practices.
An external factor may be
related to trade, where a country faces barriers to its potential exports,
depriving it of financial resources necessary for capital accumulation.
In matters of trade, there
are often conflicting economic viewpoints.
Since the contribution of one
of the famous economists David Ricardo, it has been recognized that
international trade is not just a game of winners and losers.
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